| 鞠晓雨,王凯,朱浩.2011—2021年安徽省闪电时空分布特征分析[J].沙漠与绿洲气象,2022,16(5):110~117 |
| 2011—2021年安徽省闪电时空分布特征分析 |
| Temporal and spatial distribution characteristics of 2011-2021 lightning in Anhui |
| 投稿时间：2022-03-26 修订日期：2022-06-09 |
| DOI：10.12057/j.issn.1002-0799.2022.05.015 |
| 中文关键词: 地闪频次 地闪回击电流峰值 时空特征 EOF |
| 英文关键词:lightning frequency peak current of return stroke temporal and spatial characteristics EOF |
| 基金项目:安徽省新技术集成项目 |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 利用2011—2021年安徽省地闪资料，对全省闪电时空分布特征进行统计分析。结果表明：负地闪为安徽省地闪主要类型，占地闪总数的94.02%，每年5—9月是闪电活动高发期，8月闪电频次最大，但地闪回击电流峰值最小，正地闪比例随总地闪发生次数的减少而增多。日变化特征中，闪电多发时段为14—19时，与强对流天气活跃时段对应，平均地闪回击电流峰值波动相对较小，最大值出现在06时。全省地闪平均密度为1.72次/（km2·a），空间分布呈南高北低特征，与地闪回击电流峰值分布大致相反。对安徽省总地闪频次进行主成分分析表明，前5个特征向量累计方差贡献达到90.05%，能够全面反映安徽省闪电整体异常结构，全省闪电活动及频次变化趋势基本一致，但南北存在明显差异，空间分布型可划分为全省一致型、大别山区型、江淮东部型、江南江北型和沿淮型，安徽省南部地区的水汽条件、热力条件和触发机制均优于北部地区，更易发生雷暴等强对流天气。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Based on the data of lightning in Anhui Province from 2011 to 2021, the temporal and spatial distribution characteristics of lightning were statistically analyzed. The results showed that the negative lightning is the main type, accounting for 94.02% of the total number. The high-frequency period of lightning is from May to September every year, and the total lightning frequency and peak current of return stroke reach maximum and minimum in August, respectively. The positive lightning ratio increases with the decrease of the total number. For daily variation, the frequent period of lightning is at 14-19p.m., which is corresponded to the active time of strong convective weather. The fluctuation amplitude of average peak current of return stroke is relatively small, and the peak value appears at 06 a.m. The average density of total lightning is 1.72/times(km2·a), and presents larger in the southern area than that in the northern area, while the spatial distribution of total peak current of return stroke is roughly opposite．According to the principal component analysis on the lightning frequency, the cumulative variance contribution of the first 5 feature vectors reaches 90.05%, fully reflecting the overall abnormal structure of lightning, indicating both regional consistency and obvious difference between the northern and the southern area. The spatial distribution pattern can be divided into regional consistency, Dabie Mountains, eastern Huaihe-Yangtze River, southern-northern Yangtze River, along Huaihe River types. The water vapor conditions, thermal conditions and trigger mechanism in the southern Anhui are better than those in the northern region, so that thunderstorms and other severe convective weather are more frequently. |
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